Complete CEFR Guide
Understanding the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
What is CEFR?
The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) is an international standard for describing language ability. It describes language proficiency on a six-point scale, from A1 for beginners to C2 for advanced learners.
Originally developed by the Council of Europe, CEFR is now used worldwide by language learners, teachers, employers, and educational institutions to assess and compare language skills.
Basic User
Elementary to Pre-intermediate
Independent User
Intermediate to Upper-intermediate
Proficient User
Advanced to Proficient
Beginner Level
Can Understand & Use:
- Familiar everyday expressions and basic phrases
- Simple interactions about personal details
- Basic vocabulary for immediate needs
- Numbers, dates, prices, and time
Example Words:
Elementary Level
Can Understand & Use:
- Sentences about familiar topics (work, family, shopping)
- Simple descriptions of background and environment
- Basic social interactions and pleasantries
- Past and future time expressions
Example Words:
Intermediate Level
Can Understand & Use:
- Main points of clear standard input on familiar matters
- Language for travel situations in English-speaking areas
- Simple connected text on familiar topics
- Descriptions of experiences, events, dreams, and ambitions
Example Words:
Upper-Intermediate Level
Can Understand & Use:
- Main ideas of complex text on concrete and abstract topics
- Technical discussions in their field of specialization
- Spontaneous interaction with native speakers
- Clear, detailed text on a wide range of subjects
Example Words:
Advanced Level
Can Understand & Use:
- Wide range of demanding, longer texts
- Implicit meaning and subtle language nuances
- Fluent and spontaneous expression
- Flexible language for social, academic, and professional purposes
Example Words:
Proficient Level
Can Understand & Use:
- Virtually everything heard or read with ease
- Information from different spoken and written sources
- Spontaneous, very fluent, and precise expression
- Subtle shades of meaning in complex situations
Example Words:
How to Use CEFR Levels
For Language Learners
- Set realistic learning goals
- Choose appropriate study materials
- Track your progress over time
- Communicate your level to others
For Teachers
- Plan curriculum and lessons
- Select vocabulary and materials
- Assess student progress
- Group students by ability
For Employers
- Define job requirements
- Evaluate candidate skills
- Plan training programs
- Compare qualifications internationally
Test Your Vocabulary Knowledge
Use our CEFR word lookup tool to discover the difficulty level of any English word. Perfect for learners, teachers, and curriculum developers.
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